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Eyes are an important and essential part of every person that needs care for and is worthy of investment. Protect your eye health today with Prima Saigon by recognizing, preventing, and treating diseases that cause blindness.Dr Thao Vo, CMO @ Prima Saigon, is consultating a young patient
Cataracts (also known as dry cataracts) are a phenomenon of protein concentration in clusters, creating opaque areas in the lens, scattering light passing through, and blocking sunlight from reaching the retina. Cataracts make the patient’s vision impaired blurred vision and, if not treated promptly, can lead to blindness. In addition, mature cataracts can cause glaucoma, red eyes, sore eyes, and headaches. At that time, not only is the patient permanently blind, but the eyeball may also need to be removed.
The phenomenon of blurred vision: The patient will feel “it seems” that everything is slightly blurred like there is a thin film of fog in front of the eyes.
Reduced night vision: As cataracts progress, the lens becomes darker, affecting vision in low light, especially at night.
Glare: Patients often feel glare when looking at light sources, glare, and even pain.
Reduced color perception: The color of objects the eye perceives becomes darker than reality.
Halos appear everywhere: Cataracts can cause light diffraction, so people with light bulbs often see halos around them.
Progressive myopia beyond the age of 40: Continuous lens replacement with increasing degrees can be one of the manifestations of cataracts.
Double vision, triple vision: Diffraction from cataracts can cause double or triple vision.
In the initial stage, only a tiny part of the lens is cloudy and has not significantly affected vision; patients often cannot recognize eye abnormalities. As the disease progresses, the gray portion of the lens becomes wider, resulting in distortion of light passing through the lens. By this time, the new signs are more apparent, and the person begins to notice and realize they have the disease.
How to prevent cataracts
Eat a healthy diet: Some studies show that foods rich in antioxidants like vitamins C and E and Lutein and Zeaxanthin can help prevent cataracts.
Limit tobacco use: Smoking reduces the oxygen concentration in the lens, which in turn causes the lens to lose its natural transparency and become opaque gradually. Tobacco’s highly toxic heavy metal cadmium tends to accumulate in the vitreous nucleus, contributing to accelerated disease formation.
Limit alcohol use: Drinking alcohol causes the metabolism and excretion to overload. High blood alcohol levels continuously for a long time will cause poisoning and affect many organs, including the eyes.
Wear sunglasses: Studies show that sun ultraviolet light significantly contributes to cataracts’ development. The American Optometric Association recommends sunglasses with the following criteria: labeled to block 100% of UV rays, block both UV A and B rays, and have wide-rimmed frames to prevent light from entering your eyes from behind. Beside.
Checking blood sugar with patients with diabetes: Unstable blood sugar over time will cause blood vessels to narrow, thrombosis to occur, and the blood transport to the capillaries of the eye area is slow. Long-term damage to blood vessels will cause cataracts.
Cataract treatment methods
Phaco surgery: It is the process of pulverizing the cloudy lens with high-frequency ultrasound and sucking it out. It is then replaced with a suitable artificial lens to restore vision.
Cataract Laser Surgery: It has the exact mechanism of pulverizing the cloudy lens to take it out and replace it with an artificial lens suitable for the patient’s eyes, like the Phaco method. The difference is that the Femtosecond Laser returns several manual operations, such as making incisions, creating anterior capsular tears, and splitting the cloudy lens.
Glaucoma
Glaucoma is a term used to describe a group of diseases characterized by nerve damage and loss of vision. The disease often appears silently, causing eye damage, and if not detected and treated promptly, can lead to blindness.
Dr An Trinh, Prima Saigon, is consulting patients about Glaucoma
Symptoms of Glaucoma
Signs of glaucoma will depend on the type of disease.
With chronic open-angle glaucoma (COAG), The disease appears silently and progresses slowly; patients often do not feel any recognizable signs and only come to the doctor when the disease has progressed severely. Some mild symptoms may include eye strain, vision like a thin fog in front of your eyes in the morning, transient blurred vision when working with your eyes a lot, when nervous, and when you worry a lot.
With acute angle-closure Glaucoma: Patients with glaucoma often appear in the evening, after working tired, after anxiety, or have a mental concussion. In addition, patients may also experience severe eye pain, red eyes, headache (on the same side as the affected eye), blurred vision, halos around lights, and nausea.
With congenital glaucoma in children, Patients will experience watery eyes, sensitivity to light, eyelid twitching, and increased corneal size (feeling that the eyes are heavier and more swollen). In addition, parents can also notice children’s actions, such as rubbing their eyes, squinting, and closing their eyes.
With secondary glaucoma and other forms, the symptoms of the disease will depend on the cause of the glaucoma in the eye. For people with uveitis, symptoms may include seeing halos and being afraid of bright light. For people with trauma to the eye, such as corneal edema, bleeding, or retinal detachment, the symptoms of glaucoma may be more challenging to detect. If the cause of the glaucoma is a cataract, the patient’s vision may be impaired for a long time. If you have a history of eye trauma, severe cataracts, or inflammation in your eye, your doctor will check to make sure your eyes don’t have glaucoma. Another common cause of secondary glaucoma is topical or systemic steroids.
How to prevent Glaucoma
The American Optometric Association (AOA) has listed some good habits that can reduce the risk of developing and progressing glaucoma:
Exercise regularly.
Eat more vegetables.
Avoid upside-down positions.
Protect your eyes from the sun.
Monitor and control BMI.
Cut down or even eliminate caffeine.
Quit smoking.
Glaucoma treatments
Use eye drops: Helps lower eye pressure by increasing the drainage of aqueous humor out of the eye or reducing the amount of eye fluid secreted.
Use oral medication: Helps reduce secretions (water) in the eye. Some commonly used drugs are beta-blockers and carbonic anhydrase inhibitors.
If the treatment of Glaucoma with drugs does not achieve the desired effect, the doctor will appoint the patient to perform surgery or laser treatment. These methods aim to create an outlet for the aqueous humor, stabilizing the pressure in the eye. Depending on the condition as well as the disease, there will be different laser methods, including:
Surgical placement of anterior chamber drain valve.
Retinal detachment
The retina is considered one of the most essential parts of the eye. Even minimal damage to the retina can significantly affect vision.
Retinal detachment is when the innermost and rear membranes of the eye separate from the remaining layers, causing partial loss of vision or permanent blindness if not treated promptly. The progression from detection of retinal tears or partial retinal detachment to total retinal detachment can be remarkably rapid in just a few weeks or even days.
However, most of the time, it is difficult for patients to recognize the symptoms of retinal detachment, and only when their vision is severely impaired will they visit an eye specialist. Depending on the type of disease, the degree of illness that affects vision will also differ.
Signs of retinal detachment
Symptoms of retinal detachment depend on the stage of the disease.
Before retinal detachment occurs: Signs are unclear, peripheral vision gradually decreases over several days or weeks, flies in front of the eyes occur more often, seeing flashes of light and blurred vision.
When retinal detachment occurs, Part of the vision is gray or dark, as if a veil is in front of the eye.
How to prevent retinal detachment
Avoid rubbing your eyes.
Minimize the risk of eye injury by wearing protective eyewear.
Subjects in the high-risk group for retinal detachment, such as severe myopia, retinal degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, etc., should have periodic visits at least every six months to screen for risks and treat them timely if needed.
Visit your doctor right away if you notice any unusual symptoms such as:
Flies fly a lot, see flashes of light, partial vision looks like gray or black, blurred vision.
Treatment methods for retinal detachment
Vitrectomy: A method to remove Part or all of the vitreous in the eye to treat pathologies on the retina. This method is indicated for treating pathologies such as vitreous hemorrhage, proliferative retinopathy, complicated retinal detachment, endophthalmitis, …
Belt implant surgery: A method of treating retinal detachment by removing the party, causing inflammation of the retinal tear, and pressing the convex sclera towards the vitreous chamber to seal and cause an inflammatory reaction to scar the incision. The retina causes the retina to press flat against the eyeball wall. The method is indicated for patients with retinal detachment with a tear in the peripheral retina.
Laser retinal photocoagulation: Laser retinal photocoagulation is a procedure that uses a laser with a wavelength suitable for the absorption spectrum of the retinal pigment epithelium to solidify the cell layers, causing sticky scars between the melanocytes: retina and retina. The method is indicated for retinal degeneration due to complications of diabetes or photocoagulation of tears on the retina, limiting the risk of retinal detachment and fundus bleeding.
Blurred Vision – Causes & Treatment